Type of Incident

[Killing, rape and torture] SAC soldiers killed five villagers and raped a pregnant woman

Date of Incident(s)

May 19th 2024

Incident Location

(Village, Township and District)

• [near] Ler Klaw village, Hter Wa Law village tract;
• Kyaw Hpya hill farming area, Hter Wa Law village tract[2];
• between K--- village and C---, village hill farming area;
• Lay Hpoh Hta area, Hter Wa Law village tract.

Victim Information

Name

Naw[3] G---

Saw[4] Htoo Ler

H---

Nah Cho

Hpa Hkler Poe

Age

36 years old

20 years old

50 years old

52 years old

60 years old

Gender

Woman

Man

Man

Man

Man

Ethnicity

Karen

Karen

Karen

Karen

Karen

Marital Status  

Married

[Unknown]

Married

Married

Married

Occupation

Farmer

Hill farmer

Hill farmer

Hill farmer

Hill farmer

Religion

Christian

Buddhist

Buddhist

Buddhist

Buddhist

Position

Villager

Villager

Villager

Villager

Villager

Village

F--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract

K--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract

C--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract

F--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract

F--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract

Perpetrator Information (Armed Actors)

Name(s)           

Rank

Unit

Base

Commander’s Name

[Unknown]

[Unknown]

Light Infantry Battalion (LIBs)[5] #557, #339, and #311 [under the State Administration Council (SAC)[6]]

Hpoh Chee Muh army camp, in Hter Wa Law village tract, Kaw T’Ree Township

 Myo Min Thu Operation Commander (G3[7])

1. Explain in detail how this information was collected.

A displaced villager from Hter Wa Law village tract informed a KHRG field researcher [about the incidents], and the researcher contacted a local leader [from F--- village]. [The researcher] interviewed (1) Naw G---’s husband, named Saw A---; (2) Naw B---, a village head of C--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract; and (3, 4) two other villagers [from C--- village and F--- village] who knew about the incident. [The researcher also talked to (5) a Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA)[8] officer who was responsible for checking the corpses of H--- and Naw G--- and (6)a village head from J--- village, J--- village tract, Noh T’Kaw (Kya In) Township, Dooplaya District, who was the interpreter for the SAC arrested soldiers.]

2. Explain how the source verified this information.

This information is verified because the researcher interviewed (1) Saw A---, Naw G---’s husband who also participated in his wife’s funeral. Moreover, the researcher also interviewed: (2) Naw B---, the village head [of C--- village]; (3) E---, a villager [from C--- village]; who knew about the incident [because they both talked to one of the arrested villagers who escaped, H---’s son]; and (4) another villager from F--- village [who saw the body of Naw G---]. [The researcher also] informally talked to a (5) KNLA officer who was responsible to check the corpses [of H--- and Naw G---. He also spoke to (6) the village head from J--- village.]

Describe the Incident(s) in complete detail.

On May 19th 2024, soldiers from State Administration Council (SAC) Light Infantry Battalions (LIBs) #557, #339 and #311, based in Hpoh Chee Muh army camp (in Hpoh Chee Muh village, Hter Wa Law village tract, Kaw T’Ree Township, Dooplaya District), took two villagers hostage and killed five civilians, including a seven-months pregnant woman, while they [the SAC soldiers] were heading towards the Thai-Burma border.[9] [It is believed that the soldiers fled Hpoh Chee Muh army camp after it was attacked by armed resistance groups].

[On May 20th 2024,] KNLA soldiers arrested 52 SAC soldiers from Hpoh Chee Muh army camp near Hpoh Chee Muh [village], and questioned them on what the SAC soldiers had done on May 19th. The KNLA soldiers and the arrested SAC soldiers passed F--- village, Hter Wa Law, KawT’Ree Township, through the village road, and F--- villagers witnessed 52 SAC soldiers were being arrested by the KNLA soldiers. Karen National Union (KNU)[10] leaders asked the village head of J--- village, J--- village tract, Noh T’Kaw Township, to be their Burmese interpreter when they were questioning the SAC soldiers, as he is fluent in Burmese language. [The questioning of SAC soldiers took place in an old temple in K--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract.] Later, KHRG field researcher received the information from the village head.

Incidents near Ler Klaw village, Hter Wa Law village tract:

     i. Saw Htoo Ler’s killing

According to the account given by Naw B---, a village head from C--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract, Kaw T’Ree Township, the SAC soldiers left Hpoh Chee Muh army camp [in order to reach the Thai-Burma border.] When the soldiers reached Ler Klaw village, Hter Wa Law village tract, [on the way to the border,] they encountered three male villagers who were resting in a [farm] hut. The civilians were 50-year-old H---, his son [unknown name and age], and 20-year-old Saw Htoo Ler. Saw Htoo Ler is a villager from K--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract, and H--- and his son are villagers from C--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract. The three villagers were resting in a [farm] hut and eating bananas after they finished their hill farming work. When Saw Htoo Ler saw Burma Army soldiers [approaching], he jumped from the hut and ran away to [try to] escape. The SAC soldiers fired at him with guns and threw two grenades [in his direction] when they saw he was trying to flee. He got shot on his chest and on one of his legs, and was killed on the spot. Villagers from C--- village found one unexploded grenade when they went to see the incident location [and retrieve Saw Htoo Ler’s body. It is unknown whether villagers disposed of the unexploded grenade].

H--- and his son did not dare to escape [and remained in the farm hut], so the SAC soldiers arrested them and forced H--- and his son to follow along with them [to the Thai-Burma border]. On their way, the SAC soldiers told H---’s son that they would kill him because he does not understand Burmese and had language barriers [could not communicate] with them [likely to follow their orders]. However, one soldier among the [SAC soldiers] did not agree to kill him so he remained alive [his life was spared].

Incidents in Kyaw Hpya hill farming area and between K--- village and C--- village hill farming area, Hter Wa Law village tract:

     i. Nah Cho and Hpa Hkler Poe’s killing

According to Naw B--- [a village head from C--- village] and E---, a villager also from C--- village who knew about the incident [because they talked to H---’s son], the [SAC] soldiers also shot and killed [and tortured] two more villagers on their way to the Thai borderland [on May 19th 2024]. [H--- and his son were still being forced to follow along with the soldiers.] The villagers’ names are Nah Cho and Hpa Hkler Poe, from F--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract, Kaw T’Ree Township.

Nah Cho was shot dead while he was transporting foods on a road passing through Kyaw Hpya hill farming area, Hter Wa Law village tract. Local villagers [from F--- village] who found his body also noticed that his legs and neck were broken in addition to being shot. [These local villagers believe that he was killed by the SAC soldiers who were passing through the area].

Hpa Hkler Poe was beaten to death on a road between K--- village and C--- village hill farming area, Hter Wa Law village tract. Local villagers [from F--- village] found Hpa Hkler Poe’s body [on the road in Baw N’Hta area, Hter Wa Wa village tract, near an IDP camp on the Thai-Burma border] a few days later on May 21st 2024, when they were going to [work at] C--- village hill farming area. The villagers who found his body [on the road had heard that there were SAC soldiers passing through the area, and] believe he tried to run away from the SAC soldiers and then was beaten to death by them [, which was confirmed by the detained SAC soldiers upon arrest and questioning]. The villagers who found Hpa Hkler Poe decided to burn his body on the spot [, because it was already in an advanced state of decomposition due to the high temperatures in May 2024.]

Incidents in Lay Hpoh Hta area, Hter Wa Law village tract:

     i. H---’s killing

Naw B--- [the village head from C--- village] further recounted that when the [SAC] soldiers reached Lay Hpoh Hta area [together with the arrested H--- and his son], fighting broke out [between the SAC soldiers and combined forces from the KNLA and People’s Defence Force (PDF)[11] on a road] near a water canal. [When the KNLA and PDF forces started shooting at them,] the SAC soldiers dispersed and ran for cover. H---’s son laid low on the ground and managed to hide near the water canal [, but his father did not manage to hide and stayed with the SAC soldiers]. The SAC soldiers did not see H---’s son [lost track of him] after he hid [, but since H--- did not hide, they] shot and killed him and retreated [from the canal area].

H---’s son was still lying flat on the ground after the [SAC soldiers left and the] fighting stopped, when the attacking soldiers [from KNLA and PDF spotted him and] asked him [to come] over [to their position] to identify whether he was a soldier or a civilian. He confirmed that he was just a villager so he was not killed [by the KNLA and PDF troops].

     ii. Naw G---’s killing

Saw A---’s and his wife, Naw G---, are originally from Hpa-an District. However, they moved to F village, Hter Wa Law village tract, three years ago [in 2021] and acquired a plantation there. They have been farmers since then. According to Saw A---’s account, he was planting cassavas in their plantation; however, he got sick before he could finish planting all of them. On the third day of his illness [on or around May 16th], he told his wife, Naw G--- [, who was seven months pregnant at the time]: “I can’t stand it anymore. I must go to the L--- hospital [located in Hter Wa Law village tract], otherwise I will die.” He and his wife agreed that he would leave first and she could pick him up later. He was too sick to drive a motorbike by himself so his elder brother drove him to the hospital. When he reached the hospital, he asked his brother to accompany his wife. So, his brother went back [to F--- village to do so].

When his brother arrived at Saw A---’s house, one of Saw A---’s children told him that his mother [had already left to] follow his father [to L--- hospital], accompanied by her friend [a motorcycle driver]. Thus, Saw A---’s brother drove back to the hospital and informed him that he did not meet with his sister-in-law, since she had [already] left the house when he arrived. However, Naw G--- never arrived at the hospital. Saw A---’s blood pressure dropped to 80/40 when he heard [from his brother] that his wife was missing. He was not able to answer all questions being asked by a nurse. He expressed: “I was intensely ill and laying on a hospital bed. My wife was missing and I was worried for my children and my two nephews who were left behind all by themselves, because there was no one to take care of them [while he and his brother were away]”. After Saw A--- received one and a half [IV bags], he told a nurse that he had to go find his wife [and left the hospital]. He heard from L--- villagers that the road had been closed by KNU leaders. He went to a pastor’s house in L--- village, whom he regularly meets at church, and explained his situation. The pastor warmly hosted him at his house [overnight so he could continue searching for Naw G--- the next day]. [At that time, his brother already had returned to his family, before the road was closed]. He could not sleep at night due to his worriedness, anxiety and stress.

The next day, Saw A--- went back to the hospital, where a nurse told him that [she learned about] a pregnant woman who was shot dead by Burma Army soldiers. Saw A--- hoped it was not his wife. [When the road was opened,] he went home [to F--- village] with the help of another L--- villager. When he arrived, he found a neighbour [unknown name and age] and asked her: “Where is my wife?”. She replied: “I’ve been waiting for you for so long to tell you about this”, and she explained to him what had happened [to his wife].

According to Saw A---’s neighbour, [on May 19th] when Naw G--- planned to follow her husband [to the hospital], she met with another [male] friend who was heading [by motorbike] to I--- village, on the Thailand side of the border, to deliver durians. [Since] I--- village is located close to L--- hospital, he offered a ride to Naw G--- and she rode with him. On their way, they were stopped by the Burma Army soldiers, [who still had] H--- and his son [with them]. [As explained by Naw B---’s account of the incidents,] the SAC soldiers killed H--- during the fighting but his son managed to hide and survived. Saw A---’s neighbour said that they also shot and killed Naw G--- during the fighting, but the motorbike driver managed to escape.

According to the account of another female villager [unknown name and age, from F--- village], the Burma Army soldiers shot her [Naw G---] thrice in her abdomen, causing her death. She was seven months pregnant. [The female villager clarified:] “She was found in the dense wetland [near the canal where the fighting happened] and she had many bullet holes”.

A KNLA officer who inspected H---’s and Naw G---’s bodies [at the incident place, explained that] before the fighting happened, one of the SAC soldiers [allegedly] raped Naw G---. [Later, a confession was given by one of the arrested SAC soldiers who witnessed the rape, as explained by the interpreter, the village head of J--- village, to KHRG.] Then, [while the fighting was going on,] they shot her thrice in the abdomen, killing her. The SAC soldiers [then] threw two grenades near her body before they fled [from the area, however they did not damage her body because one fell far enough away and the other did not explode]. [As explained by Naw B--- and Saw A---’s neighbour, H--- was also shot dead during the fighting but his son hid himself and survived, and Naw G---’s friend managed to flee].

[Naw G--- is survived by her husband, Saw A---, and their four children.] He faces difficulties after he lost his wife. He was overwhelmed by the incident and, in addition, he is still in the process of recovery [from his illness]. [As of October 2024,] he is [still] intensely suffering. He could not continue the interview [with the KHRG researcher] because he recently went through a tough time and was severely overwhelmed.

Did the victim(s) provide permission to use this information? Explain how that permission was provided.

The three interviewees: (1) Saw A---, Naw G---’s husband; (2) Naw B---, a village head of C--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract; and (3) E---, a villager from L--- village, Hter Wa Law village tract, who knew about the incident, allowed KHRG to use this information.