The first two photos were taken on January 21st 2017 by a KHRG community member in the north of A--- village, Shan Lel Pyin village tract, Leik Tho Town, Thanduanggyi Township, Toungoo District. It shows a newly constructed road and a signboard from the Borderline Development Project, implemented by Burma/Myanmar Government [at the Kayin State level]. According to the information stated on the signboard, the project name is Leik Though-Shan Lel Pyin 3/2 Mile unpaved road, the road construction period was from 2016-2017 and the budget for the road is over 56 billion kyat [US $41,380,000][3]. This road construction was started on October 2016 and finished in March 2017. It was implemented by Way Bone Kyaw Company. These photos are included here to show the frequency of the road construction happening in Toungoo District during the reporting period. In this case the KHRG community member could not access any villagers to gather local perspectives on the construction. [Photos: KHRG]

These photos were taken on December 3rd 2016 in Nyaunglebin (Kler Lwee Htoo) District, Kyaukkyi (Ler Doh) Township by a KHRG community member. In accordance with the Myanmar government’s project to widen the road from C--- village to D---village, to 34 feet, villagers in the village tracts of Hsaw Mee Loo, Khoo Poo, Kheh Kahko, and Kheh Der suffered from severe damage to their farmland and plantations. There were no negotiations between local villagers and road constructors regarding the road expansion. Tatmadaw from IB (Infantry Battalion) #60 and LIB (Light Infantry Battalion) #349 took responsibility for protecting constructors while they constructed the road. The photos show the land which had been destroyed and which is foreseen to be destroyed by the road construction. The road extension began on November 16th 2016. [Photos: KHRG]

These four photos were taken by a KHRG community member on February 16th 2017 in F--- village, Ka Tah Kloh area, Ta Naw Th’Ree Township, Mergui-Tavoy District. It shows the construction of a road by a community development project which is funded by the Myanmar government through the World Bank. This road construction started in 2014 but it is still on-going. The road constructors removed stone from the land of a local villager, named Saw G---, to be used for the road, as showed in the top right photo (second photo). Further, the road was constructed across his plantation and destroyed his cashew trees. He also could not tap his rubber trees because the road constructors threw stones onto his rubber plantation which damaged his plants. Despite suffering from negative consequences of the road construction, such as the destruction of his plantations and the unsolicited mining of his stones from his land, the land owner has not received any compensation. [Photos: KHRG]

These photos were taken by a KHRG community member on March 11th 2017 in J--- village, Waw Loo village tract, Noh T’Kaw (Kyainseikgyi) Township, Dooplaya District. These photos show the mining of a cliff in J--- village, which was conducted by a company (unknown name) and which destroyed a J--- villager’s land. Therefore, the land owner asked the company to construct one road in compensation for him so that other villagers will be able to travel in both the rainy and summer seasons. The miners in charge agreed with the land owner’s request. According to an update in May, the company haven’t started constructing the road yet. The purpose of the stone mining is to produce asphalt in order to pave the road as part of a road construction project. The duration of the contract for the stone mining project is three years and the company will stop mining the stone at the end of the contract whether this cliff is gone (empty) or not. The J--- villager said “we will wait and see the situation. If they [company] do not construct the road for us [as compensation for land destruction] then we will report it [the situation] to the authorities at the district level.”[Photos: KHRG]