COVID-19 vaccinations
Some of the villagers in T'Nay Hsah (Nabu) and Ta Kreh (Paingkyon) townships, Hpa-an District have already received COVID-19 vaccinations that were provided by State Administration Council (SAC)[2] authorities. However, there were also many villagers who did not dare get vaccinated [by the SAC authorities]. During the last week of January, healthcare workers from the Karen Department of Health and Welfare (KDHW) took note of the population numbers in each village for vaccination purposes and they will start providing voluntary vaccinations in June 2022. Some of the villagers said that even though they did not want to get the vaccines that the SAC authorities provided, they had to get it because travel is restricted in the local area for those who are not vaccinated. [When travelling to towns or cities, villagers would be questioned and asked to show a vaccination certificate if stopped by the SAC.] Villagers in T’Nay Hsah Township are no longer worried about COVID-19 as it has been a while since it [the pandemic] started and they have become used to it.

Livelihoods
Villagers in Ta Kreh Township reported that local travel has become more difficult and livelihoods have been affected due to the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic and the post-coup situation. Local villagers have been facing financial issues because the prices of food and other products have increased. In this situation, it has been more challenging for local villagers to earn their livelihood.

Some of the villagers along the western part of Taw Naw Mountain in T’Nay Hsah Township faced livelihood challenges because they did not have any farmland to work on. Those who have farms grow rice during the rainy season and peanuts in the summer. They use the wages they earn from their cash crops to provide for the needs of their family, including buying food.

In the third week of December 2021, road construction was carried out by local authorities and ethnic armed groups in T'Nay Hsah Township, including the Karen National Union (KNU)[3], Border Guard Force (BGF)[4] and the KNU/KNLA-Peace Council (KNU/KNLA-PC)[5]. They widened the road to 40 feet [12.2 metres] [double its previous width], damaging many civilians’ farmlands. [No consultation or consent from the villagers was undertaken prior to the road construction.]

Some young people who used to be migrant workers in Bangkok, Thailand cannot travel back there [to Thailand] as easily as before [the COVID-19 pandemic and coup]. This situation has made it more challenging for them to secure their livelihood. Civilians in T’Nay Hsah Township are also living in fear of potential fighting between the SAC and Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA)[6] in the local area.

Education
In Ta Kreh Township, the SAC-run schools have been closed since the military coup and only Karen Education and Culture Department (KECD)[7] schools remain open. Due to the closure of some schools, some students got married at a very young age [age 13-17] and some are doing nothing with their time [are not working or earning money for the family]. Students in the K’Ser Ghee Htee area, Ta Kreh Township could still go to school as local KECD schools are open.

SAC activities
The local villagers in Ta Kreh Township observed that SAC soldiers were wearing civilian clothing and using civilian cars when transporting rations to Mu Traw District. They used the road that goes to Htee Poe Hkler village for this activity.

Further background reading on the security situation and human rights violations in Southeast Burma can be found in the following KHRG reports:

• “Hpa-an District Situation Update: the Civil Disobedience Movement, COVID-19 and education, April to June 2021”, February 2022.
• “Taw Oo District Short Update: Killing, shelling, displacement, and the destruction of a COVID-19 screening checkpoint and villagers’ belongings by SAC soldiers, March 2022”, March 2022.
• “Doo Tha Htoo District Short Update: Ongoing fighting in Bilin Township leads to more than 2,000 IDPs, as well as injury and property damage, December 21st 2021 to January 11th 2022”, March 2022.